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Convoy ON 122
Convoy ON 122 was a trade convoy of merchant ships during the second World War. It was the 122nd of the numbered series of ON convoys Outbound from the British Isles to North America. The ships departed Liverpool on 15 August 1942〔 and were joined on 17 August〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ON convoys )〕 by Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group B-6 consisting of V and W class destroyer ''Viscount'' with the Norwegian-manned Flower class corvettes ''Potentilla'', ''Eglantine'', ''Montbretia'', and ''Acanthus'' and the Convoy rescue ship ''Stockport''.〔Milner pp.148-150〕
==Background==
As western Atlantic coastal convoys brought an end to the second happy time, Admiral Karl Dönitz, the ''Befehlshaber der U-Boote'' (''BdU'') or commander in chief of U-Boats, shifted focus to the mid-Atlantic to avoid aircraft patrols. Although convoy routing was less predictable in the mid-ocean, Dönitz anticipated that the increased numbers of U-boats being produced would be able to effectively search the area with the advantage of intelligence gained through ''B-Dienst'' decryption of British Naval Cypher Number 3.〔Tarrant p.108〕 However, of the 180 trans-Atlantic convoys sailing from the end of July 1942 until the end of April 1943, only 20 percent lost ships to U-boat attack.
The Norwegian-manned corvettes of escort group B-6 fought three of these convoy battles in sequential voyages with convoys SC 104, ON 144, and HX 217.〔Hague pp.132, 137-138, 161-162, 164, 181〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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